What Is Catnip And Why Do Cats React?

Anyone who is a cat parent knows about the magnetic power of catnip. Catnip is an excellent way to get a cat energized, offering a short-lived “high” for most felines. Better yet, it’s generally safe, giving your cat an exciting sensory experience and us a bit of entertainment as we watch them react.

But not all cats respond to catnip. It’s a bit of a mystery why some cats turn into acrobats when exposed to it, while others simply walk away, unfazed.

What Exactly is Catnip?

Catnip, or Nepeta cataria, is an herb in the mint family. The active compound in catnip, called nepetalactone, is what triggers such powerful reactions in sensitive cats. Just a whiff can turn a relaxed, lazy cat into a high-speed athlete, running, jumping, and “zooming” around the house!

The nepetalactone in catnips binds to olfactory receptors, which stimulates sensory neurons and creates a sense of euphoria in cats.

Catnip and Your Cat's Olfactory Senses

The intense response that cats have to catnip primarily comes from the smell. When a cat catches a whiff, it can ignite a burst of energy and playfulness, as though a switch has been flipped. Cats are particularly sensitive to smells, making them uniquely susceptible to the effects of catnip—something we humans can’t quite experience ourselves.

Interestingly, if your cat eats catnip instead of just smelling it, it can have the opposite effect. Rather than becoming playful, many cats will become calm and relaxed, sometimes even a little drowsy.

The Typical Catnip Reaction: Hyperactive to Zoned Out

For most cats, catnip brings on a range of behaviors, from rolling, flipping, and rubbing to running laps around the room. Some cats may even growl or meow more than usual. In some cases, catnip can make a cat slightly territorial over their toys or space, which could lead to mild signs of aggression if you approach them too quickly.

After about 10-15 minutes of “catnip mania,” most cats lose interest. Some need a break of up to two hours before they’re ready for another round. So, if you’re hoping for a quiet evening or dinnertime, you might want to save the catnip for later!

Why Some Cats Don’t Respond to Catnip

Not every cat is affected by catnip. The response to catnip is genetic, and around 30% to 50% of cats lack the sensitivity to it. The trait doesn’t usually appear until a cat is three to six months old, meaning kittens won’t react.

Keeping Catnip Fresh

Catnip loses its potency over time, especially if it’s left in an open container. To keep it fresh, store dried catnip in an airtight container in the freezer. Alternatively, if you’re up for a little gardening, you can grow catnip or mint plants for a consistent, fresh supply. Just be sure to keep the plants out of reach, as an overeager cat may try to overindulge!

 Is Catnip Safe for Cats?

Catnip is considered safe and non-addictive for cats. Cats can sniff or chew on it without harmful effects, as long as it’s given in moderation. It’s a natural way to provide both physical and mental stimulation for your cat.

While it’s rare, some cats may experience mild stomach upset if they consume large amounts of dried catnip. A small percentage of cats may also show signs of overstimulation or minor aggression during a catnip session.

Catnip Is Best Used in Moderation

Over time, cats can build a mild tolerance to catnip, so it’s best to use it a couple of times a week rather than daily. Watch your cat’s reactions and take breaks as needed to avoid overexcitement.

How to Safely Introduce Catnip to Your Cat

Sprinkling It:

Place a small pinch of dried catnip on the floor or in your cat’s favorite area - a blanket, rug or even their scratcher - and watch them go crazy and scratch away!

Toys:

Many toys come pre-filled with catnip for easy use.

Catnip Spray:

For less mess, catnip sprays can be applied to scratching posts, beds, or toys.

Alternatives to Catnip

If your cat doesn’t respond to catnip, try silver vine or valerian root, both of which can produce similar reactions in felines.

Does Catnip Work on Dogs?

Interestingly, catnip doesn’t have the same effects on dogs as it does on cats. While dogs are curious about new scents and might show some interest in catnip, they generally don’t respond to it in the same way. Nepetalactone, the active compound in catnip that triggers such strong reactions in cats, doesn’t seem to have an impact on a dog’s senses.

However, catnip isn’t harmful to dogs and can actually have mild calming effects when ingested. Some pet owners have even used small amounts of catnip to help soothe anxious dogs or to encourage relaxation during stressful events, like thunderstorms or car rides. Just be sure to check with your vet before giving your dog catnip, especially if they have any health concerns.

If you haven’t introduced your cat to catnip yet, give it a try and observe their reaction. Whether it’s an acrobatic display or a mellow snooze, catnip can be a safe and fun way to enrich your cat’s life. Just remember to keep it fresh, use it sparingly, and, most importantly, enjoy the show!